您现在的位置是:网站首页> 编程资料编程资料

Redis 哨兵集群的实现_Redis_

2023-05-27 490人已围观

简介 Redis 哨兵集群的实现_Redis_

1、Sentinel 哨兵

    Sentinel(哨兵)是Redis 的高可用性解决方案:由一个或多个Sentinel 实例 组成的Sentinel 系统可以监视任意多个主服务器,以及这些主服务器属下的所有从服务器,并在被监视的主服务器进入下线状态时,自动将下线主服务器属下的某个从服务器升级为新的主服务器。

    例如:

    在Server1 掉线后:

    升级Server2 为新的主服务器:

2、Redis 主从分离

 在讲解Sentinel 哨兵集群之前,我们先来搭建一个简单的主从分离(读写分离)。

首先,我们默认大家都已经安装了redis,然后我们将redis.conf 拷贝多份,并且创建多个目录,用于区分多个redis 服务:

 这里面,每个目录中都有自己的redis.conf 配置文件,接下来,我们先设置主服务器的配置文件。

一、配置Master

1、修改端口

 # Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344). # If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket. port 6380

  redis 的默认端口是6379,这里我们把主服务器的端口设置为6380

 2、修改pidfile

 # If a pid file is specified, Redis writes it where specified at startup # and removes it at exit. # # When the server runs non daemonized, no pid file is created if none is # specified in the configuration. When the server is daemonized, the pid file # is used even if not specified, defaulting to "/var/run/redis.pid". # # Creating a pid file is best effort: if Redis is not able to create it # nothing bad happens, the server will start and run normally. pidfile /var/run/redis_6380.pid

  pidfile 是我们启动redis 的时候,linux 为我们分配的一个pid 进程号,如果这里不作修改,会影响后面redis服务的启动

3、启动 redis

  启动redis,我们可以看到,redis已经占领了6380 端口

  进入客户端

 redis-cli -p 6380 127.0.0.1:6380> info ... # Replication role:master connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:0 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0 ...

  我们可以看到,redis 现在的角色是一个master 启动的服务。

二、配置Slave

  和上面配置 master一样,我们需要修改端口号和pid 文件,在修改完之后,我们有两种方法配置从服务

  1、在配置文件中配置从服务

 ################################# REPLICATION ################################# # Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication. # # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to # stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least # a given number of slaves. # 2) Redis slaves are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the # master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of # time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next # sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs. # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a # network partition slaves automatically try to reconnect to masters # and resynchronize with them. # # slaveof  slaveof 127.0.0.1 6380

  我们可以在配置文件中直接修改 slaveof 属性,我们直接配置主服务器的ip 地址,和端口号,如果这里主服务器有配置密码

  可以通过配置masterauth 来设置链接密码

 # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration # directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will # refuse the slave request. # # masterauth 

启动redis 服务:

  我们可以看到,现在有两个现在在运行,我们进入6381的客户端,看一下他的状态,

 # Replication role:slave master_host:127.0.0.1 master_port:6380 master_link_status:up master_last_io_seconds_ago:1 master_sync_in_progress:0 slave_repl_offset:71 slave_priority:100 slave_read_only:1 connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:0 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0

  我们可以看到,现在的redis 是一个从服务的角色,连接着6380的服务。

  2、在服务启动后设置

    我们修改6382端口的服务器配置文件之后,启动服务

    进入客户端,查看当前服务器的状态:

 # Replication role:master connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:0 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0

    我们可以看到,当前服务器的状态时作为一个主服务的角色在运行,我们接下来修改他的状态:

 127.0.0.1:6382> slaveof 127.0.0.1 6380 //修改后状态 # Replication role:slave master_host:127.0.0.1 master_port:6380 master_link_status:up master_last_io_seconds_ago:1 master_sync_in_progress:0 slave_repl_offset:617 slave_priority:100 slave_read_only:1 connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:0 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0

  3、总结

   我们先看一下目前master 的状态:

 # Replication role:master connected_slaves:2 slave0:ip=127.0.0.1,port=6381,state=online,offset=785,lag=0 slave1:ip=127.0.0.1,port=6382,state=online,offset=785,lag=0 master_repl_offset:785 repl_backlog_active:1 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:2 repl_backlog_histlen:784

   我们可以可以看到,两个从服务已经在连着主服务器,上面两种配置的区别在于,当salve 断线重连之后,

   如果我们是修改类配置文件,重连之后会自己链接上去master,并且同步master 上面的数据,

   如果我们是手动连接上去的主服务器,重连之后,从服务器会读取自己本地的 rdb 回复数据,而不会去自动链接主服务

   我们如果需要设置读写分离,只需要在主服务器中设置:

 # Note: read only slaves are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients # on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance. # Still a read only slave exports by default all the administrative commands # such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extent you can improve # security of read only slaves using 'rename-command' to shadow all the # administrative / dangerous commands. slave-read-only yes

3、Sentinel 哨兵

  1、配置端口

    在sentinel.conf 配置文件中, 我们可以找到port 属性,这里是用来设置sentinel 的端口,一般情况下,至少会需要三个哨兵对redis 进行监控,我们可以通过修改端口启动多个sentinel 服务。

 # port  # The port that this sentinel instance will run on port 26379

  2、配置主服务器的ip 和端口

   我们把监听的端口修改成6380,并且加上权值为2,这里的权值,是用来计算我们需要将哪一台服务器升级升主服务器

 # sentinel monitor  # # Tells Sentinel to monitor this master, and to consider it in O_DOWN # (Objectively Down) state only if at least  sentinels agree. # # Note that whatever is the ODOWN quorum, a Sentinel will require to # be elected by the majority of the known Sentinels in order to # start a failover, so no failover can be performed in minority. # # Slaves are auto-discovered, so you don't need to specify slaves in # any way. Sentinel itself will rewrite this configuration file adding # the slaves using additional configuration options. # Also note that the configuration file is rewritten when a # slave is promoted to master. # # Note: master name should not include special characters or spaces. # The valid charset is A-z 0-9 and the three characters ".-_". sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6380 2

  3、启动Sentinel

 /sentinel$ redis-sentinel sentinel.conf

  sentinel 启动之后,就会监视到现在有一个主服务器,两个从服务器

  当我们把其中一个从服务器器关闭之后,我们可以看到日志:

 10894:X 30 Dec 16:27:03.670 # 
                
                

-六神源码网